Cov xwm txheej tam sim no thiab tshuaj ntsuam ntawm graphite elecite electrode kev lag luam

Cov xwm txheej tam sim no thiab tshuaj ntsuam ntawm graphite elecite electrode kev lag luam
Cov pa roj carbon kev lag luam yog kev lag luam khoom nyoos uas tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm lub teb chaws. Hauv kev lag luam hlau, graphite electrodes yog siab - kub resistant thiab conductive raw khoom siv. Tam sim no, muaj ntau tshaj li 400 tus lag luam hauv Suav teb, nrog rau txhua xyoo tso zis ntau xyoo txog 700,000 tons ntawm graphite hluav taws xob. Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas muaj ntau tshaj 50 txoj kev lag luam hauv tsev hauv tsev tam sim no txhawb cov thev naus laus zis thiab loj {8} nplai ntau lawm. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, nrog kev txhim kho kev txuas ntxiv ntawm cov hlau kev lag luam, thiab cov khoom siv kub kub thiab hluav taws xob tsis muaj zog, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hnyav, thiab cov khoom siv yog oversupplied. Cov khoom thiab thov kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm siab- fais fab graphite cov hluav taws xob yog qhov ruaj khov. Vim yog lub ntiaj teb kev tawm dag zog, cov thoob ntiaj teb xav tau rau graphite cov ntawv tau muaj zog, ua rau cov tuam txhab hluav taws xob tau cuam tshuam ntau zaus kev txom nyem poob.

(I) overcapacity

Tom qab Tuam Tshoj txoj kev txhim kho sai ntawm kev txhim kho thiab kev loj hlob, tus nqi nyiaj txiag nce qib 10%, uas tau txhawb nqa cov kev txhim kho ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide. Siv cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau kev lag luam, graphite electrodes rau steelmaking, raws li qhov kawg ntawm 2018, los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm xyoo xaus ntawm graphite hluav taws xob tau ncav cuag 700,000. Tam sim no, kuv lub teb chaws graphite electrode peev muaj peev xwm tau txog 586,600 tons thiab noj thiab noj tau mus txog 310,000 tons. Ntawm lawv, cov zis ntawm loj- nplai graphite hluav taws xob tau mus txog 26.27%, mus txog 15.4100 tons. Qhov kev thov rau loj- loj loj graphite elecite hluav taws xob yuav nce ib hnub dhau ib hnub. Nrog rau kev tshwm sim ntawm kev teeb meem nyiaj txiag, cov khoom siv thiab kev sib tw tau dhau los ua kev sib tw, kev sib tw ua lag luam tau dhau los ua kev ntxhov siab zuj zus. Hauv kev daws cov teeb meem ntawm overcapacity, cov teeb meem nram qab no yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau. Ua ntej, qhov nyiaj seem tam sim no yog cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb thiab muaj nyiaj seem. Cov khoom muaj peev xwm ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob tsoos Muaj teeb meem ntau dhau yuav tsum muaj qhov txawv. Thib ob, overprroduction yog hais txog cov kev tiv thaiv ib txwm tsim hauv kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm, tsis yog qhov nce ntxiv rau hauv kev muab khoom. Qhov kev sib tw luv nqi nqe yuav ua rau tag nrho cov graphite electrode kev lag luam, yog cuam tshuam rau kev txhim kho zoo ntawm tag nrho graphite electrode kev lag luam.

(II) Cov qauv tsis tsim nyog

Kev tau txais kev noj ntawm graphite electrodes yog ze ze rau kev tsim cov hluav taws xob, muaj cov av dej, daj phosphorus thiab lwm yam khoom. Tawm tsam cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev hloov nyiaj txiag qeeb; kev tsim cov khoom siv tsoos hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv, tab sis qhov ceev ntawm cov qauv khoom siv kho kom qeeb. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom xa tuaj tam sim no thiab thov kev sib raug zoo ntawm graphite cov electrodes ntau thoob plaws yog tias kev muab cov hluav taws xob graphite, thiab cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau sib npaug. Cov khoom siv thiab thov kom muaj cov hluav taws xob tsoos electrodes yog ob qho muaj zog. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tus qauv sib txawv, muaj qhov sib txawv loj ntawm kuv lub teb chaws thiab lub ntiaj teb qib siab [1]. UCAR hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas, Tokai hauv Nyiv, Shofa Electric thiab lwm tus yog txhua ultra {} Lub zog hluav taws xob siab} Lub cev loj} Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tam sim no kev tsim khoom ntawm cov hluav taws xob loj tsuas yog 27%. Loj siab siab- fais fab fais fab fais fab muaj 10% mus rau 20% ntawm hluav taws xob. Nce lub zog ntawm steelmaking fais furna tuaj yeem txo lub sijhawm SMELTING SMELTING LOS NTAWM 20%. The overall cost can be saved by more than 10%, and the development of ultra-high power steelmaking electric furnaces is an inevitable trend.

(III) Kev faib kev sib faib tsis meej ntawm kev ua haujlwm

Txhawm rau kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej sib tw, cov thoob ntiaj teb cov tshuaj lag luam xws li UCAR hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau siv cov kev tswj hwm nruj hauv ntau yam lag luam. Ntawm cov kab ntau lawm, 1 ~ 2 tau tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom sib xyaw, thaum lwm cov chaw ua haujlwm raug tshwj xeeb hauv cov khoom lag luam rau cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, tib yam yog qhov tseeb rau cov pa roj carbon ua lag luam xws li SGI- dahu thiab SDK. Tam sim no, txoj kev faib kev tshaj lij ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kuv lub teb chaws graphite electrode raug cov lag luam kev lag luam tsis meej. Feem ntau cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam tsim tsim cov kev ua kom zoo nkauj, siab- fais fab, thiab txawm tias ultra urlicodes raws li cov khoom hom. Kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv fais fab thiab electrode. Technically, cov electrode nrog me me ntau lawm yuav tsum tau txog ø300 hli, thaum qhov loj me ntawm cov electrode loj yog ø600 hli. Yog li ntawd, cov koom haum ua ntau lawm thiab kev tswj hwm yog qhov nyuaj heev, thiab nws yog qhov nyuaj rau kom muaj kev loj {14} teev ntau lawm.

(Iv) siab vam khom rau cov ntaub ntawv txawv teb chaws

Lub ntsiab tivthaiv ntawm graphite hluav taws xob yog koob COKE. Kev siv ntawm ultra - siab- Lub sijhawm muaj zog tuaj yeem ua rau muaj hluav taws xob ua kom luv dua. Tam sim no, cov thev naus laus zis ntau lawm koob COKE hauv kuv lub teb chaws feem ntau yog monopolized los ntawm ob peb lub teb chaws xws li Nyiv, thiab Tuam Tshoj tus luj coke ntau lawm cia siab rau kev txawv teb chaws. Tus nqi ntawm koob COKE tseem tau txuas ntxiv mus vim MONOPOLY ntawm cov CEE txawv teb chaws Techne tau nce los ntawm 807. Tebchaws 2009, thiab Nyij Pooj Rose los ntawm 70%. Tam sim no, cov ntaub ntawv raw ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv tsev yog monopolized los ntawm txawv teb chaws, uas tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho. Yog li ntawd, Tuam Tshoj cov graphite electrode kev lag luam yuav nce ntxiv kev koom tes nrog kev lag luam coke koob thiab ua kom nrawm dua qhov hloov tshiab ntawm nws cov cuab yeej technology.

(V) Lub suab tsis muaj zog hauv kev koom tes nrog cov neeg siv hauv qab

Nrog rau txoj kev txhim kho ntawm kuv lub teb chaws kev lag luam, kev sib haum xeeb ntawm kuv lub teb chaws cov hlau kev lag luam kuj tseem maj. Txij li thaum cov lag luam steel yog lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua lag luam kev sib tw, nws txoj kev rau txim rau kev sib tw thiab kev sib tw tsis ncaj ncees kuj tseem ua rau nruj dua. Qhov kev sib cais ntawm Graphite cov hluav taws xob hauv Suav teb thiab qhov kev thov rau cov khoom lag luam txawv teb tau muab txoj cai hlau, thaum tib lub sijhawm tsis muaj peev xwm hais lus hauv kuv lub tebchaws. Hauv kev ua lag luam kev coj ua, qee qhov steel mills tsis lees txais cov lus piav qhia ntxiv cov qauv elecite, tab sis saws tus kheej- tus nqi yuam kom lawv lees txais. Hauv cov txheej txheem siv, qee cov lag luam steel nrog qee lub zog tuaj yeem muab txo qis, yog li yuam cov khoom lag luam rau hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv, yog li yuam cov khoom lag luam rau hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv, yog li ua kom lub sijhawm ntawm cov nyiaj tau txais.

(Vi) lub zog r & d thiab thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis siab tshaj plaws -}}}}} Cov khoom kawg

Loj (700 hli) graphite electrodes tsis tau loj-}}, cov ntaub ntawv txaus, thiab yuav tsum tau xa tawm hauv cov khoom loj. Kev ua thev naus laus zis yog lub zog tseem ceeb los txhawb kev tsim kho kev tsim kho thiab txhim kho kev lag luam. Lub thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis ntawm kuv lub teb chaws graphite electrode electrode electrode electrode electrode electrode electrode electrode tsis muaj zog, thiab muaj kev loj loj sib piv nrog cov phooj ywg thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev lag luam nyeg.

(VII) Overcapacity tsis zoo

Tam sim no, tus qauv graphite cov peev txheej ntau lawm yog kev ua kom txaus ntshai, thiab kev ua tsis txaus ntseeg tau dhau los ua kev pom zoo. Tuam Tshoj thiab kev siv thoob ntiaj teb tau nce me ntsis nyob rau txhua xyoo, tab sis tsis muaj ntau chav rau kev txhim kho. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau lub tuam txhab tau nthuav dav lossis tsim cov tuam tsev tshiab los nthuav cov tuam txhab tsim khoom lag luam uas twb muaj lawm. Nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm ntev, qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov khoom thiab kev thov yuav ntxiv tsis zoo ntxiv, thiab cov pa luam yeeb yuav ntsib kev kub ntxhov hnyav. Overcapacity yog khi rau ua kom muaj kev sib tw ua lag luam, thiab cov kev sib tw sib tw, uas yuav ua rau kev lag luam tsis sib tw thiab txo cov khoom lag luam ntawm tag nrho kev lag luam.

(Viii) tsis paub meej meej

Feem ntau, suav graphite tuam txhab uas muaj cov teeb meem tsis muaj teeb meem hauv kev tsim kho lub tswv yim, tsis muaj kev txiav txim siab loj, thiab kev txiav txim siab zoo- Txoj kev. Qee cov tuam txhab tsuas yog tsis muaj ntev - lub tswv yim txhim kho lossis tsis muaj phiaj xwm kev npaj. Ntau lub tuam txhab yog qhov muag tsis pom kev nkag siab thiab tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kev ua lag luam thiab kev sib tw, thiab tsis txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb thiab lub hom phiaj. Lub tswv yim tswj hwm ntawm qee cov tuam txhab yog ib yam nkaus thiab "virtual" thiab tsis muaj phiaj xwm kev siv tau. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, nrog kev sib xyaw rau ntiaj teb kev lag luam, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua lag luam elemite, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev txhim kho electrode rau kev txhim kho ntawm kuv lub teb chaws graphite electrode kev lag luam.

(Ix) kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev lag luam hauv kev lag luam tsis yog siab

Qhov xa rov qab rau peev yog qhov sib piv ntawm tag nrho cov nyiaj tau los, se thiab tag nrho cov khoom muaj nqis uas tau nyob rau hauv ib lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb. Qhov no yog tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam ntawm kev lag luam thiab nws txoj kev koom tes rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam hauv tebchaws. Cov peev txheej ua hauj lwm tig yog qhov ntsuas los ntsuas tus nqi txaus ntawm kev lag luam kev lag luam lub tuam txhab. Lub Enterprise muaj cov khoom siv khoom siv siab, lub voj voog tig mus ntev, tus nqi nrawm thiab tus nqi siab hauv siab. Cov tub ntxhais tau txais kev nce qib kev loj hlob yog qhov sib piv ntawm kev lag luam cov nyiaj khwv tau los ntawm lub xyoo tam sim no rau lub xyoo dhau los. Nws yog qhov ntsuas tau tseem ceeb los ntsuas qhov kev txhim kho kev cia siab thiab kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam. Cov nuj nqis - {{- tej yam cuab yeej ntawm tag nrho cov kev lag luam thaum lub xyoo xaus rau tag nrho cov peev txheej. Nws qhia txog kev faib ua feem ntawm tag nrho cov peev txheej ntawm kev lag luam. Qhov kev sib piv no yog cov nuj nqis ua lag luam. Peb yam ntawm cov nuj nqis yog: Cov nuj nqis tswj hwm, cov kev muag khoom muag, thiab cov nuj nqis nyiaj txiag. Tus nqi -} Cov peev txheej tau txais txiaj ntsig yog qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb los ntsuas kev muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm thiab txiaj ntsig ntawm kev lag luam.